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Leadership Report Using the FIRO-B® and MBTI®…

Tags: aspects of personality, briggs type indicator, communication problem, development agenda, different window, firo b, interpersonal relations, interpersonal relationships, leadership development program, leadership report, leadership style, mbti, myers briggs type, myers briggs type indicator, organizational culture, orientation section, personal development, personality and behavior, several points, two instruments,
Pages: 17
Language: english
Created: Fri Apr 18 11:26:34 2008
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     Leadership Report
     Using the
     FIRO-B® and MBTI® Instruments
     Eugene R. Schnell


     Report prepared for
     JANE SAMPLE
     April 17, 2008




     This report is intended to help you explore and expand your understanding of the
     leadership style you use in your organization and how others might perceive and
     react to it. The information in this report is based on your responses to two
     instruments: the FIRO-B® (Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-
     BehaviorTM) and the MBTI® (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator®) assessments.

     Both instruments tap into key aspects of personality and behavior in areas such as
     communication, problem solving, decision making, and interpersonal relations. The
     instruments are also distinct, each providing a view of your leadership personality
     through a different window. Together, they complement each other and provide
     rich information of use in your personal, ongoing leadership development program.

     The report is written assuming that you understand your results on both instruments
     and a trained professional has interpreted your results on the FIRO-B and MBTI
     tools. This Leadership Report begins with a snapshot of your leadership style. The
     Overall Leadership Orientation section highlights how you lead. Next, the report
     offers a brief interpretive overview of your results on the FIRO-B and the
     MBTI instruments. The report then describes your leadership style in various
     contexts: in interpersonal relationships, in teams, and at the level of organizational
     culture. Next, it identifies some strengths you may have and possible challenges you
     might face in dealing with change and stress. Near the end of your report is an
     Action Plan that details several points you may want to include in your personal
     development agenda. The Resources that conclude the report include publications
     that will help you better understand your results on the FIRO-B and MBTI assessments.



TM
     CPP, Inc. · 800-624-1765 · www.cpp.com
                                                                                                  PAGE 2
JANE SAMPLE                                                                   THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
ENTP                                                                                        April 17, 2008

         The comments and interpretations in your report are intended to help you
         become a more adaptable leader; they are neither an evaluation of your leadership
         abilities nor a test of your "CEO potential." Also, please keep in mind that the
         suggestions and interpretations are presented as hypotheses or proposals about
         your leadership style, not statements of fact or the final verdict on the success of
         your leadership attempts. It is up to you to verify the statements and decide
         how well they describe you.

         The FIRO-B and the MBTI tools examine your leadership style from different perspectives,
         thus once in a while what your results on one inventory say about you can seem to
         contradict your results on the other inventory. Upon close examination, however,
         seemingly inconsistent statements may nonetheless offer valid insights, with the
         instruments together offering a view of the finer contours of your personality.

         In addition to supplying you with information about your own leadership style,
         this report can help you, as a leader

              ·   recognize that each person has both strengths and possible blind spots;

              ·   allow for wide divergence in people's views, attitudes, values, and
                  behaviors;

              ·   see different operating styles as an opportunity to bring diverse
                  talents and strengths together in an organization; and
              ·   use leadership approaches that match the situation and people's
                  differing needs, in spite of your own needs and preferences.
                                                                                                 PAGE 3
JANE SAMPLE                                                                   THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
ENTP                                                                                       April 17, 2008

         OVERALL LEADERSHIP ORIENTATION
         The following snapshot combines your MBTI and FIRO-B results. Reviewing this
         section may help you recognize the most fundamental aspects of your leadership
         orientation--the preferences and needs that shape how you lead.


         Facets of Your Leadership Style
         Your MBTI type preferences, ENTP, provide a wide angle lens through which
         to view your leadership style.

                 You lead by motivating people and being enthusiastic.

                 You contribute by offering thoughts, ideas, and strategies and by using
                 your ingenuity and logic.

                 In a leadership role, you value vision, personal mastery, competence,
                 possibilities, principles, communication, adaptability, and ingenuity.

                 You make decisions by using objectivity, skepticism, curiosity, and
                 flexible principles.

                 You project a style that is enterprising, quick, outspoken, analytical,
                 conceptual, logical, creative, ingenious, resourceful, critical, and
                 strategic.

                 You enjoy building opportunities for growth and development, debating
                 challenging questions, and overseeing the linking of systems and strategies.
                                                                                                  PAGE 4
JANE SAMPLE                                                                 THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
ENTP                                                                                     April 17, 2008

         Your Leadership Approach
         Your relatively strong need for Affection, as measured by the FIRO-B assessment,
         colors in a particular way the image of your leadership personality formed by the MBTI
         lens. With the FIRO-B "filter" applied to the MBTI lens, the following overall
         picture of your leadership approach emerges:

                 You show your support and encouragement by asking questions,
                 challenging others, and providing usable frameworks for action.

                 You seek to minimize conflict by forming and clarifying ideas and by
                 devising ingenious ways of resolving differences.

                 You show trust by allowing people autonomy.
                 You encourage loyalty to principles and guidelines.

                 You demonstrate your loyalty to others by investing in their ideas
                 and/or expertise.

                 When forced to choose, you will focus on gaining people's loyalty and
                 direct, honest communication rather than on making lots of connections,
                 achieving prominence, or figuring out the larger hierarchy and
                 decision-making process.

                 In the short run, your goal is to personally inspire people with your
                 visions and ideas for new ways of doing business.

                 In the long run, your goal is to develop a work unit that is aware of
                 its capacities and weaknesses and uses that awareness to move forward
                 on its devotion to a larger vision.
                                                                                                            PAGE 5
JANE SAMPLE                                                                                  THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
ENTP                                                                                                  April 17, 2008

         BASIC INTERPRETATION
                        ®
         OF YOUR FIRO-B RESULTS
         The FIRO-B instrument measures the extent to which people attempt to satisfy
         three basic social needs: Inclusion (participation, recognition, belonging),
         Control (power, authority, influence), and Affection (openness, warmth,
         closeness). The FIRO-B tool reports on how much one initiates behavior in these
         three areas (Expressed Behavior) and how much one would like others to
         initiate that behavior toward them (Wanted Behavior). Your results and
         some interpretive remarks are shown below.

                           Inclusion         Control         Affection
                               eI              eC               eA              TOTAL
                                                                              EXPRESSED
                                                                               BEHAVIOR

              expressed        7                1                7              15
                              wI              wC               wA                TOTAL
                                                                                WANTED
                                                                               BEHAVIOR

                wanted        7                9                7               23
                          TOTAL NEED FOR   TOTAL NEED FOR   TOTAL NEED FOR      OVERALL
                            INCLUSION         CONTROL         AFFECTION      INTERPERSONAL
                                                                                 NEEDS


                              14               10               14              38

         Level of Overall Interpersonal Needs: Medium-high
         Strongest Interpersonal Needs: Affection and Inclusion
         Relationship Between Behaviors: Wanted is greater than Expressed

         Your Overall Interpersonal Needs score (38) falls in the medium-high range.
         This result suggests that your involvement with others is usually a source of
         satisfaction; however, you occasionally need time to think and reflect, and you
         may find that some relationships become frustrating or interfere with your job.
         When interacting with others, you work best in small groups with regular
         contacts.

         Your Total Expressed Behavior score is medium and your Total Wanted
         Behavior score is high (15 and 23, respectively). These results suggest
         that you vary in the extent to which you initiate action or work proactively
         with others; in some situations and contexts, you may rely quite a bit on
         others and feel comfortable about accepting their behavior. Because your
         wanted needs are greater than your expressed needs, you may prefer to wait
         and see what others will do before taking action. In addition, you may feel
         inhibited and experience dissatisfaction in some situations because you
         are not getting what you want from others.
                                                                                                                        PAGE 6
          JANE SAMPLE                                                                           THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
          ENTP                                                                                                 April 17, 2008

                   Your Total Need scores for Inclusion, Control, and Affection (14, 10, and 14,
                   respectively) reflect the overall strength of each need. Even though your scores
                   for Inclusion and Affection are equal, FIRO-B theory predicts that Affection
                   is the need you are most comfortable pursuing and the need you are least
                   likely to give up. It is therefore likely that you will focus on getting close to
                   people, establishing relationships based on trust, exchanging personal
                   reactions and opinions, and building loyalty.

                   Control is the need satisfaction area you are drawn to least, the need that you
                   would be most willing to sacrifice. You are probably less interested in
                   determining who is in charge and how decisions are made than you are
                   in satisfying your needs for Inclusion and Affection.


                   Your Patterns of Need Fulfillment
                   Your six individual needs scores indicate the extent to which expressed
                   and wanted Inclusion, Control, and Affection are characteristic of you.


                   Your expressed-need results (as indicated by the boxes) suggest that you will
eI   eC    eA
7     1     7
                     likely      sometimes   likely not    likely    sometimes    likely not     likely     sometimes     likely not
                    express       express     express     express     express      express      express      express      express

                   your Inclusion needs by                your Control needs by                 your Affection needs by
                   · talking and joking with others       · assuming positions of authority     · supporting colleagues
                   · taking a personal interest in        · advancing your ideas within           verbally and physically
                     others                                 the group                           · giving gifts to show
                   · involving others in projects         · taking a competitive stance           appreciation
                     and meetings                           and making winning a                · exhibiting concern about the
                   · recognizing the                        priority                              personal lives of others
                     accomplishments of others            · managing conversations              · being trustworthy and loyal

                   And your wanted-need results (as indicated by the boxes) suggest that you will

                        likely   sometimes   likely not    likely    sometimes     likely not     likely    sometimes     likely not
wI   wC    wA             get       get          get         let        let            let          get        get            get
7     9     7
                   your Inclusion needs met by            others have Control by                your Affection needs met by
                   · frequenting heavily trafficked       · asking for help on the job          · being flexible and
                     areas (e.g., the water cooler)       · involving others in decision          accommodating
                   · wearing distinctive clothing           making                              · listening carefully to others
                   · seeking recognition or               · deferring to the wishes, needs,     · displaying an open body
                     responsibility                         and requests of others                posture
                   · going along with the majority        · asking for permission and           · sharing feelings of anxiety,
                     opinion                                circulating progress details          sadness, or loneliness
                                                                                                     PAGE 7
JANE SAMPLE                                                                  THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
ENTP                                                                                      April 17, 2008

         Roles You Take on in an Organization
         Leaders play many different types of roles in a group. The roles you play
         depend on your interpersonal needs and the needs of subordinates, colleagues,
         and the particular members of a team.

         Three important roles that individuals can play in a group setting are described
         below on the left. These roles correspond to the needs for Inclusion, Control,
         and Affection. The checks in the boxes on the right correspond to your expressed
         need scores and indicate how likely you are to assume each role.



                                                                       HOW OFTEN YOU
         BASIC GROUP ROLES                                            MAY PLAY THE ROLE
                                                              Frequently Occasionally Infrequently


         Clarifier
         Presents issues or solutions for clarification,
         summarizes discussion, introduces new members
         to the team, keeps team members up-to-date, and
         provides the group with facts and data.

         Director
         Pushes for action and decision making; has lots to
         say and wants to say it in meetings; may be overly
         optimistic about what can be accomplished by the
         group.

         Encourager
         Builds up the egos and status of others; remains
         friendly, responsive, warm, and diplomatic;
         may also sacrifice the truth to maintain good
         relationships.




         These orientations indicate that you are comfortable with the roles of
         both Clarifier and Encourager. You may take on either of these roles
         depending on the circumstances, although FIRO-B theory predicts that you
         may prefer the Encourager role.
                                                                                                              PAGE 8
     JANE SAMPLE                                                                    THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
     ENTP                                                                                           April 17, 2008

                 BASIC INTERPRETATION
                               ®
                 OF YOUR MBTI RESULTS
                 The MBTI instrument describes four personality dimensions, and each dimension is
                 made up of a pair of opposite preferences. All eight preferences are valuable, and
                 everyone uses each of them at least some of the time. However, each individual tends to
                 prefer one preference of each pair and generally uses it more than its opposite.

                 Your MBTI preferences are ENTP. Each of these preferences is described by a
                 boxed statement in the chart below.

WAYS OF
GAINING ENERGY        EXTRAVERSION                                  INTROVERSION

                      E     You focus on your outside
                            world and get energy through            I     You focus on your inner world
                                                                          and get energy through
                            interacting with people and                   reflecting on information, ideas,
                            doing things.                                 and concepts.


WAYS OF TAKING
IN INFORMATION        SENSING                                       INTUITION

                      S     You notice and trust facts,
                            details, and present realities.         N     You attend to and trust
                                                                          interrelationships, theories, and
                                                                          future possibilities.




WAYS OF MAKING
DECISIONS             THINKING                                      FEELING

                      T     You make decisions using
                            logical, objective analysis.            F     You make decisions to create
                                                                          harmony by applying
                                                                          person-centered values.




WAYS OF LIVING
IN THE WORLD          JUDGING                                       PERCEIVING

                      J     You prefer to be organized and
                            orderly and to make decisions           P     You prefer to be flexible and
                                                                          adaptable and to keep your
                            quickly.                                      options open.




                 Below are a dozen adjectives that describe ENTPs in general. Because there are
                 individual differences within each type, not every adjective may apply to you.

                 Adaptive                       Creative                  Questioning
                 Analytical                     Enterprising              Resourceful
                 Challenging                    Independent               Strategic
                 Clever                         Outspoken                 Theoretical
                                                                                                                         PAGE 9
JANE SAMPLE                                                                                   THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
ENTP                                                                                                            April 17, 2008

         Effects of Your Preferences in Work Settings

         EXTRAVERSION (E)                                      INTUITION (N)

           Like variety and action                               Like solving new, complex problems
           Are often impatient with long,                        Enjoy learning a new skill more than
           slow jobs                                             using it
           Are interested in the activities of your              May follow your inspirations, good or bad
           work and in how other people do them                  May make errors of fact
           Act quickly, sometimes without                        Like to do things with an innovative bent
           thinking                                              Like to present an overview of your
           When working on a task, find phone                    work first
           calls a welcome diversion                             Prefer change, sometimes radical, to
           Develop ideas through discussion                      continuation of what is
           Like having people around                             Usually proceed in bursts of energy



         THINKING (T)                                          PERCEIVING (P)

           Use logical analysis to reach                         Enjoy flexibility in your work
           conclusions                                           Like to leave things open for last-minute
           Can work without harmony                              changes
           May hurt people's feelings without                    May postpone unpleasant tasks
           knowing it                                            May be curious and welcome new views
           Tend to decide impersonally,                          on a thing, situation, or person
           sometimes paying insufficient                         Postpone decisions while searching
           attention to people's wishes                          for options
           Tend to be firm minded and can give                   Adapt well to changing situations and feel
           criticism when appropriate                            restricted without change
           Look at the principles in the situation               Use lists to remind yourself of all the
           Feel rewarded when job is done well                   things you have to do someday




         The Role You Take on in an Organization
         Each of the sixteen MBTI types has a unique leadership role. Your leadership
         role based on your MBTI type, ENTP, is described below. As you read the
         description, remember that everyone has the potential to play more than one
         kind of leadership-related role in a group. Your own leadership role may combine
         elements of your FIRO-B-based role or roles (as described on page 7 of this report)
         plus elements of your MBTI-based role.

         Your preferences suggest that you may be most comfortable in the role of
         Inventor*. In this role, you take an entrepreneurial approach. You encourage others
         to push past obstacles and come up with new ways of seeing things.




         * This work role and fifteen other work roles based on MBTI® type are described in Olaf Isachsen and Linda V.
         Berens, Working Together: A Personality-Centered Approach to Management, 3rd ed. (San Juan Capistrano, CA:
         Institute for Management Development, 1995), 92-107.
                                                                                                             PAGE 10
          JANE SAMPLE                                                                   THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
          ENTP                                                                                         April 17, 2008


eI   eC    eA
                   INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS
7     1     7      The world of leaders is inherently social. For some, social interaction is exhilarating
                   and energizing. For others, it can become draining and distracting or require
                   balancing time spent with people with some time spent alone.
14   10    14

                   How Interaction Affects Your Leadership
                   Both the MBTI and FIRO-B indicate that you have a preference for the outer
                   world of activities and people. Therefore, you probably enjoy the social
                   aspects of your work and find that interactions with others can raise your
                   motivation and improve the quality of your work. You work best when
                   interacting in small groups and when you have a chance to tap a regular
                   network of colleagues for input as part of the decision-making process. You
                   prefer face-to-face interaction over written communications and feel
                   comfortable leading a meeting and making presentations.

                   Because your interpersonal needs fall within the medium range, you may
                   occasionally be frustrated with how relationships and groups can become
                   difficult and cumbersome. You may also believe that taking the initiative
                   to engage others presents a set of risks that aren't always worth taking.
                   You may not like relying on others, especially groups, to get things done.
                   You enjoy the presence of new people, but don't like the pressure of
                   building many new relationships at once. "Bringing people out" and doing
                   outreach work on a regular basis may feel burdensome.


                   What You Show First in a Leadership Role
                   Leaders spend a fair amount of time in new situations and are routinely
                   required to build relations with new people. The kind of person you will appear to
                   be in such situations--your first face--is related to both your strongest expressed
                   need (as measured by the FIRO-B tool) and the dynamics of your MBTI type.

                   As an ENTP, you orient your preference for Intuition toward the outside world.
                   And your FIRO-B results indicate that you most readily express Affection.
                   Together, these results suggest that in new situations you are likely to
                   show first your concern for others. After spending time trying to understand
                   individual strengths and weaknesses, you work toward helping people find the
                   best match for their talents and desired future growth.
                                                                                                               PAGE 11
          JANE SAMPLE                                                                        THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
          ENTP                                                                                            April 17, 2008

                   WORKING WITH GROUPS AND OTHER LEADERS
                   The social world of leaders is dynamic. Sometimes leadership is about making
                   opportunities to approach others and engage them. At other times, leadership
                   involves being the recipient of the behavior and actions that others direct toward us.


                   How You Work in a Team
                   Your FIRO-B scores can shed some light on how you are likely to respond to the
                   opportunities and pressures of working in a team.

eI                 Your expressed and wanted needs for Inclusion suggest that you enjoy teams in which
7
                        there are many opportunities (but no pressure from others) to
wI
7                       there are many opportunities to
                        there is no pressure to
                        there are many opportunities for others (but no pressure on you directly) to

                        state an opinion and join in the        acknowledge the unique strengths
                        discussion                              of individuals on the team
                        share information and take an           recognize people's contributions
                        interest in the activities of others    and accomplishments
                        maintain a high profile on the team     produce highly visible results


     eC            Your expressed and wanted needs for Control suggest that you enjoy teams in which
      1
                        there are many opportunities (but no pressure from others) to
     wC
      9                 there are many opportunities to
                        there is no pressure to
                        there are many opportunities for others (but no pressure on you directly) to

                        create structured roles and rules       establish formal agendas
                        clearly define the goals and            make final decisions rather than
                        activities of the team                  advise or recommend
                        take action and show progress           assign specific areas of accountability
                        immediately                             directly influence others


           eA      Your expressed and wanted needs for Affection suggest that you enjoy teams in which
            7
                        there are many opportunities (but no pressure from others) to
           wA
            7           there are many opportunities to
                        there is no pressure to
                        there are many opportunities for others (but no pressure on you directly) to

                        develop a team consensus                give individual reactions and opinions
                        encourage and support individual        work intensely for many hours at a time
                        efforts                                 have frequent contact with other team
                        offer personal guidance                 members
                        build rapport with team members         develop interdependencies for
                        early on                                information collecting and action
                                                                                                             PAGE 12
          JANE SAMPLE                                                                    THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
          ENTP                                                                                          April 17, 2008

                   What You Expect from Other Leaders
                   As a leader, it is important to be conscious of how you function as the follower
wI   wC    wA
                   of another leader and how you act toward leaders at all levels who seek to
7     9     7      influence you. What you expect from these other leaders greatly affects your
                   interaction with them.

                   Your expectations for other leaders are related to a certain aspect of your MBTI
                   type and your strongest wanted need.

                   You have preferences for Intuition and Thinking, and your strongest wanted
                   need is for Control. This combination of results suggests that you want
                   other leaders, above all, to be skilled and competent and to use their
                   competence so that logical decisions are made in support of accomplishing
                   goals and objectives. In addition, you may want other leaders to

                           provide deadlines, tasks, and clearly defined expectations and strategies;

                           be focused, firm, and comfortable with providing structure.

                   When interacting with other leaders, it is important for you to know that
                   they respect your ideas and challenge your thinking. You are willing to
                   forego a leader's encouragement and support if you know that you are being
                   given a demanding set of tasks.

                   It is also helpful to be aware of the type of leader you least like working with.
                   In general, this type of leader is one whose highest expressed need is in the
                   same area as your lowest wanted need.

                   Your lowest wanted needs are for Inclusion and Affection, but FIRO-B theory
                   predicts you will resist Inclusion the most. Therefore, you are likely to have
                   the least appreciation for a leader who is actively interested in gaining your
                   input and participation on a regular basis. This type of leader is also interested in
                   highly visible projects and enjoys providing you with plenty of public recognition.
                                                                                                              PAGE 13
          JANE SAMPLE                                                                   THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
          ENTP                                                                                           April 17, 2008


eI   eC    eA
                   POWER AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
7     1     7      The interpersonal and group dynamics of leadership discussed on the previous
                   pages take place in the even broader context of the "culture" and social
                   structure of the organization. Leaders are engaged in this level at all times,
14   10    14      influencing it and being influenced by it.


                   Your Bases of Power and Influence
                   Anyone who assumes a leadership role must develop some kind of power
                   through which he or she attains influence over others. Some leaders develop
                   socialized power: attaining influence in order to help others and have an impact.
                   Other leaders rely on formal power: exercising power to achieve a personal goal
                   of being influential and then using influence to succeed in fulfilling important
                   objectives. A third type of leader uses affiliative power: becoming influential
                   by nurturing and supporting people so that personal and organizational values
                   are fulfilled. Which of these three kinds of power you are most likely to develop
                   over the long term is directly related to your area of greatest interpersonal need.

                   You have two equally strong areas of interpersonal need: Affection and
                   Inclusion. Your need for Affection is apt to predominate, however, making
                   it likely that the influence you try to create as a leader will be based on
                   affiliative power.

                   Affiliative power is the tendency to value and desire power for the purposes
                   of being liked and warmly regarded and nurturing, supporting, and reassuring
                   others, even at the expense of one's personal needs. Your interest in affiliative
                   power is likely to lead you to develop strong personal loyalties, networks,
                   and commitments. You will seek to expand your base of influence by adhering
                   to important personal and organizational values and by showing how you
                   have served others.


                   Your Influence on Organizational Culture
                   The base of power you build in an organization is related to the type of
                   organizational culture you will strive to create. Organizationwide culture
                   is a complex phenomenon, but your leadership is likely to have a strong
                   influence on the culture among the staff and within the units that you
                   directly oversee. As is the case for your bases of organizational power,
                   the kind of culture you are likely to strive for is directly related to
                   your area of greatest interpersonal need.
                                                                                                  PAGE 14
JANE SAMPLE                                                                  THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
ENTP                                                                                         April 17, 2008

         Among your two equally strong interpersonal needs, Affection is apt to
         predominate. Therefore, you are likely to work to establish an
         organizational culture characterized by

                 a high level of optimism
                 a warm and family-like atmosphere

                 a high level of feedback and candor
                 widespread giving of encouragement and support

         And because your least important need is for Control, you are comfortable
         letting certain Control-related aspects of organizational culture develop without
         your guidance, creating the possibility that you will receive occasional
         complaints about

                 too much flexibility with policies and procedures

                 wide distribution of power with limited accountability
                 too much overlap of responsibility between people

         Your MBTI type can provide additional insights into how you influence
         organizational culture. You are likely to use the power and influence you have
         as a leader to create a work environment that is congruent with your preference
         for either Intuition or Sensing and your preference for either Thinking or
         Feeling.

         Because you have preferences for Intuition and Thinking, you are likely to
         be most comfortable in a work environment in which

                 you can work on broad issues and concerns

                 you can approach problems intellectually and theoretically
                 a long-range perspective is valued
                 goals are coherent and the structure rational

                 competence, professionalism, and updating of skills are highly valued
                                                                                                       PAGE 15
JANE SAMPLE                                                                      THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
ENTP                                                                                              April 17, 2008

         DEALING WITH CHANGE AND STRESS
         Organizational change can be stressful for all involved. Successful navigation of
         change may depend on the leadership you show, as either the initiator of the
         change or as someone who helps guide others through the change period.

         Your MBTI type and FIRO-B scores suggest that you have certain strengths and
         resources at your disposal for demonstrating leadership during times of
         change. At the same time, each of these strengths has its potential downside.
         If pushed too far, a strength can lose its effectiveness and open up an area
         of challenge to you.

         STRENGTHS AND RESOURCES                        POTENTIAL RELATED CHALLENGES

              You can get people excited and             You may build unrealistically high
              optimistic about the change.               expectations.

              You are willing to attend to people's      You may become discouraged and
              personal needs and show support            overwhelmed by the disruption that
              and encouragement.                         change brings into people's lives.

              You take direction well and are            You may rely too much on other leaders
              willing to "hang with it" and show         to solve all the problems, and you may
              your commitment.                           not recognize what they need to be
                                                         doing to make the change work.

              You show loyalty and trust, avoid          You may feel betrayed as the new
              unproductive conflict, and are willing     realities brought on by the change
              to work with each person's emotions        begin to settle in, and you may not do
              during the change.                         the political maneuvering necessary
                                                         to influence outcomes.

              You are willing to accept decisions        You may feel a lack of guidance, get
              from above, and you can work quickly       distracted easily, and have trouble
              to institutionalize the change.            remaining productive in the face of
                                                         new obstacles.

              You are willing to accept                  You may be rebellious or resistant if
              inconsistencies, imbalances, and           the change seems to reduce your
              lack of structure during the change.       autonomy, and you may be annoyed
                                                         with calls for new accountabilities.

              You are highly flexible and can readily    You may talk about too many ideas at
              adapt to rapid change, and you are         once and open up too many options for
              good at coming up with ingenious           how to proceed; you may undervalue the
              solutions to problems.                     importance of coherence.
                                                                                                 PAGE 16
JANE SAMPLE                                                                THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
ENTP                                                                                        April 17, 2008

         ACTION PLAN
         The preceding pages have painted a portrait of how your needs and preferences
         tend to orient your leadership behaviors in your organization, how you relate
         to and are perceived by others, how you use power to influence organizational
         culture, and how you deal with change and stress. Considering these insights,
         how do you become a more effective leader?

         Experience suggests that you will be most effective as a leader if you remain
         true to your ENTP nature and continue to constructively satisfy your various
         interpersonal needs. However, your preferred modes of leading will not always
         match the follower styles and interpersonal needs of everyone you lead. Therefore,
         developing your effectiveness as a leader depends to a great extent on increasing
         your leadership flexibility, expanding your repertoire of leadership behaviors.

         Some suggestions for engaging in this developmental process are presented
         below. Are they appropriate to you or your situation at work? Pick a few to work
         into your personal action plan.

                 Examine your Control needs to see if they are appropriate to what others
                 need in your organization. You may want to proactively explore
                 methods for providing clear decisions and consistent direction for
                 others so that they can set their own priorities.
                 Consider that you may rely too much on others and pass up chances to
                 learn and self-develop through leadership. Look for opportunities to
                 improve and practice flexibility and to tolerate and work through
                 situations and projects shrouded with ambiguity.

                 Reflect on your more personal, one-on-one relationships and the possible
                 perception that you intrude on some with an overflow of personal openness.
                 You may wish to develop the strategy of holding back your opinions and/or
                 information about your personal life.

                 Your desire for reassurance and feedback, and your expectation of
                 closeness in your relationships with subordinates and fellow workers, may
                 surprise some to the point of discomfort. Look for ways to reassure
                 yourself rather than relying on others for support.
                 Your ENTP preferences suggest that you are innovative, individualistic,
                 versatile, and analytical. Others, however, may see you as overextending
                 yourself and may feel that you are competitive and unappreciative of their
                 input. You may wish to look for ways to acknowledge others and to set
                 more realistic priorities and timelines.
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JANE SAMPLE                                                                                                  THE LEADERSHIP REPORT
ENTP                                                                                                                            April 17, 2008

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