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Women and Men in the United States: March 2002 …
Tags: attainment, census, composition, cps, estimates, marital status, occupation, population characteristics, population size, population survey, poverty status, proportions, renee, sampling variation, sex ratio, sexes, spraggins, ues, ures, women and men,Pages: 8
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Created: Tue Mar 11 20:39:26 2003
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Women and Men in the United
States: March 2002 Issued March 2003
Population Characteristics
P20-544
This report compares the status of male.3 While 51 percent of the total popu- Current
women and men on a number of meas- lation were female, the proportions of the
ures, including age, marital status, edu- two sexes varied by age. At younger
Population
cational attainment, occupation, income, ages boys outnumbered girls. Among Reports
and poverty status.1 The findings are people under the age of 18 in 2002, the
By
based on data collected by the Census sex ratio (the number who were male, Reneé E. Spraggins
Bureau in the Annual Demographic times 100, divided by the number who
Supplement to the March 2002 Current
Population Survey (CPS).2
3
The estimates in this report are based on
responses from a sample of the population. As with
POPULATION SIZE AND all surveys, estimates may vary from the actual val-
COMPOSITION ues because of sampling variation or other factors.
All comparisons made in this report have undergone
statistical testing and are significant at the 90-per-
Women slightly outnumber men cent confidence level unless otherwise noted.
in the total population.
In 2002, the civilian
noninstitutionalized
population of the Figure 1.
United States Sex Ratios by Age: 2002
totaled 282.1 mil- (Males per 100 females)
lion -- 144 million
were female and 85 years and over 46.3
138 million were
75 to 84 years 67.2
1
Data on income and 65 to 74 years 83.5
poverty in this report
refer to the calendar 55 to 64 years 91.6
year before the survey.
For example, income 45 to 54 years 95.6
information collected in
2002 refers to calendar
35 to 44 years 97.2
year 2001.
2
The population rep-
resented in the Annual 30 to 34 years 98.1
Demographic Supplement
to the March 2002 CPS is 25 to 29 years 99.9
the civilian noninstitu-
tional population of the 18 to 24 years 100.1
United States. Members
of the armed forces in
5 to 17 years 105.1
the United States living
off post or with their
families on post are Under 5 years 104.1
included if there is at
least one civilian adult
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, March 2002.
living in the household.
Demographic Programs
U.S. Department of Commerce
USCENSUSBUREAU Economics and Statistics Administration
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Helping You Make Informed Decisions
were female) was 105, with nearly
2 million more male residents than Figure 2.
female residents. The proportions Sex Ratios by Race and Hispanic Origin: 2002
of men and women aged 20 to 29 (Males per 100 females)
were not statistically different. The
sex ratio dropped gradually with
Non-Hispanic White 95.9
age: from 98 for those aged 30 to
34, to 92 for the 55-to-64 age Black 86.6
group. For the older population, American Indian
the sex ratio declined rapidly from 92.0
and Alaska Native
84 for the 65-to-74 age group, to Asian and 95.1
Pacific Islander
46 for those 85 and over (see
Figure 1). Among the population
65 and over, women outnumbered
Hispanic (of any race) 104.4
men by 5.3 million.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, March 2002.
The sex ratio varies by race
and Hispanic origin.
The Hispanic population had the Figure 3.
highest sex ratio in 2002, reflect- Marital Status by Sex and Age: 2002
ing their younger age distribution (Percent of population 15 years and over)
Aged 15 to 64
(104.4).4 The Asian and Pacific
Aged 65 and over
Islander and the non-Hispanic
Male Female
White populations had similar sex
ratios (95.1 and 95.9, respective- 51.3 52.5
Married
ly), while the American Indian and 73.1 (spouse present) 40.8
Alaska Native population had a sex
1.4 1.2
ratio of 92.0.5 Although not statis- Married
1.6 (spouse absent) 1.3
tically different from the American
Indian and Alaska Native sex ratio, 36.4 29.6
the sex ratio of the Black popula- Never Married
3.7 3.6
tion was lower than that of the
other racial and Hispanic origin 1.8 2.8
Separated
populations, 86.6 (see Figure 2). 1.0 0.9
0.7 2.6
Widowed
13.9 45.5
4
Because Hispanics may be of any race, 8.4 11.3
data for Hispanics overlap slightly with data Divorced
for the Black, American Indian and Alaska 6.7 8.0
Native, and Asian and Pacific Islander popu-
lations. Based on the total populations of
men and women surveyed in the Annual Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, March 2002.
Demographic Supplement to the March 2002
CPS, 3.7 percent of the Black population,
8.5 percent of the American Indian and
Alaska Native population, and 4.3 percent of MARITAL STATUS with their spouses, with men more
the Asian and Pacific Islander population likely (54 percent) than women
were also of Hispanic or Latino origin.
5
The sex ratio for the American Indian
Women aged 65 and older are (51 percent) to be married. Overall,
and Alaska Native population is not statisti- four times more likely to be
men were also more likely than
cally significant from the sex ratios for the widowed than their male
Asian and Pacific Islander and non-Hispanic women never to have been married
counterparts.
White populations. (32 percent and 25 percent, respec-
In 2002, slightly more than one-half tively). Women were more likely
(52 percent) of people who were 15 than men to be divorced or separat-
and over were married and living ed (13 percent compared with
2 U.S. Census Bureau
were in the labor force,7 but the
Figure 4. proportions of men and women
Educational Attainment by Sex: 2002 working in certain occupations dif-
(Percent of population 25 years and over) fered greatly.8 Over half of men 16
Female
Male and over (59 percent) worked in
four occupational groups: precision
production, craft, and repair (18
84.4
High school percent); executive, administrators,
graduate or more
83.8 and managerial (16 percent); pro-
fessional specialty (14 percent);
25.1 and sales (11 percent).
Bachelor's degree
or more
28.5 Among women in the same age
group, 73 percent also worked in
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, March 2002. four occupational groups: adminis-
trative support, including clerical
(23 percent); professional specialty
10 percent), and much more likely 18 percent (13 million) were
(19 percent); service workers
to be widowed (10 percent com- maintained by a woman with no
(except private household, 17 per-
pared with 3 percent). husband present, while just 6 per-
cent); and executive, administra-
cent (4 million) were maintained by
Marital status also varied by age tors, and managerial (15 percent).
a man with no wife present.
group (see Figure 3). Of the
Even though women have made
188 million people aged 15 to 64, EDUCATIONAL progress in entering occupations
women were slightly more likely ATTAINMENT predominantly held by men (espe-
than men to be married and living
cially executive and professional
with their spouses (53 percent and Men are more likely than
women to have earned a specialty occupations), the majori-
51 percent, respectively), while
men in that age group were more bachelor's degree or more. ty of women were still in tradition-
likely than women never to have al "female" occupations.9 For
In 2002, 84 percent of adults aged
been married. example, of the 18 million people
25 and over had completed high
in administrative support occupa-
school or more, and 27 percent
Among the 34 million people aged tions (including clerical), 79 per-
had completed a bachelor's degree
65 and over, more than four times cent were women. In contrast,
or more (see Figure 4). While the
as many women (8.9 million) were 91 percent of the 14 million people
high school completion rates for
widowed as men (2.0 million). in precision production, craft, and
men and women aged 25 and over
Among women aged 65 and over, repair occupations were men.
were both 84 percent, men were
46 percent were widowed, com-
more likely than women to have
pared with 41 percent who were
completed a bachelor's degree or
married and living with their
more (29 percent compared with
spouses. Among men in the same
25 percent). However, women
age group, 73 percent were mar- 7
Civilian labor force data shown in this
were more likely than men to have
ried and living with their spouses report reflect characteristics of the civilian
some college or to have completed noninstitutionalized population for March
and only 14 percent were wid- 2002 and are not adjusted for seasonal
an associate's degree (26 percent
owed. changes. Data released by the Department
compared with 24 percent). of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, may not
Of the 74 million family house- agree entirely with data in this report
because they are seasonally adjusted.
holds in the United States in 2002,6 LABOR FORCE 8
The occupational data shown in this
76 percent (57 million) were PARTICIPATION report are based on a set of 12 occupational
categories. To access data on occupation,
married-couple families and see page 8 (under "More Information" sec-
Women and men are not tion) for instructions.
equally represented in all 9
1990 Census of Population and
6
For a detailed discussion of the defini-
tion of family households used in the
professions. Housing, We the American... Women, U.S.
Census Bureau, Series WE-8, U.S.
Current Population Survey, go to
In March 2002, 60 percent of Government Printing Office, Washington,
www.census.gov/population/www/cps/
DC,1993.
cpsdef.html. women and 74 percent of men
U.S. Census Bureau 3
EARNINGS
Figure 5.
Earnings differ among men
Total Money Earnings of Full-Time, Year-Round
and women.10
Workers by Sex: 2001
Of the 100 million people 15 and (Percent of population 15 years and over)
over who were full-time, year-round
workers with earnings in 2001, Female
41 percent were women and
Less than $10,000 4.4
59 percent were men. Women were
$10,000 to $19,999 20.8
more likely to have lower earnings.
For example, 4.4 percent of $20,000 to $24,999 13.9
women, compared with 2.8 percent $25,000 to $34,999 23.4
of men, reported earnings of less
$35,000 to $49,999 20.0
than $10,000. At the opposite end
$50,000 to $74,999 11.9
of the earnings distribution, only
5.5 percent of women reported $75,000 and over 5.5
earnings of $75,000 or more in Male
2001, compared with 15.8 percent Less than $10,000 2.8
of men (see Figure 5).
$10,000 to $19,999 12.3
FAMILY INCOME $20,000 to $24,999 9.4
$25,000 to $34,999 19.1
Income levels vary by family
$35,000 to $49,999 21.4
type.11
$50,000 to $74,999 19.2
Of the 109 million families in 2001,
$75,000 and over 15.8
5 percent had an income below
$10,000, 64 percent had an income Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, March 2002.
of $10,000 to $74,999, and 31 per-
cent had an income of $75,000 or
more. The type of family also mat- POVERTY STATUS Like income, poverty varies by
ters, because often both spouses family type. Of families living in
are employed. Among married- Women are more likely than poverty in 2001, 50.9 percent
couple families in 2001, only 2 per- men to live in poverty.12
were maintained by women with
cent had an income below $10,000 In 2001, 12.9 percent of the female no spouse present, 40.5 percent
and 37 percent had an income of population and 10.4 percent of the were married-couple families, and
$75,000 or more. Of the families male population lived below the 8.5 percent were maintained by
maintained by women with no poverty level. Poverty rates were men with no wife present. The
spouse present, 17 percent had an highest for children: the propor- poverty rates were 26.4 percent,
income below $10,000 and only tions of boys and girls (those under 13.1 percent, and 4.9 percent,
8 percent had an income of 18) who were poor were not statis- respectively.
$75,000 or more. In contrast, of tically different (16.4 percent and
the families maintained by men 16.2, respectively). From ages 18 SOURCE OF THE DATA
with no spouse present, only 8 per- to 64, the poverty rate was
cent had an income below $10,000 The population represented (the
11.6 percent for women and 8.5 population universe) in the Annual
and 17 percent had an income of
percent for men. For those 65 Demographic Supplement to the
$75,000 or higher.
years and over, the poverty rate March 2002 Current Population
was 12.4 percent for women com- Survey is the civilian noninstitution-
10
For a detailed discussion on the defini-
tion of earnings used in the Current pared with 7.0 percent for men (see alized population of the United
Population Survey, go to Figure 6).
www.census.gov/population/www/cps/ States. Members of the armed
cpsdef.html forces living off post or with their
11
For a detailed discussion on the defini-
12
For a detailed discussion on the defini-
tion of income used in the Current tion of poverty used in the Current families on post are included if
Population Survey, go to Population Survey, go to there is at least one civilian adult
www.census.gov/population/www/cps/ www.census.gov/population/www/cps/cps-
cpsdef.html def.html living in the household. (Starting in
4 U.S. Census Bureau
MORE INFORMATION
Figure 6.
Detailed tabulations are available
Poverty Rates of the Population by Female that provide demographic charac-
Sex and Age: 2001 Male
teristics by sex. The electronic ver-
(Percent of population in poverty)
sion of these tables is available on
the Internet at the Census Bureau's
16.4
Under 18 World-Wide Web site
years 16.2 (www.census.gov). Instructions for
finding the PPL tables can be found
11.6 on the Web site.
18 to 64
years 8.5 A paper version of these tables, is
available as PPL-166 for $20.60. To
65 years 12.4 receive a paper copy, send your
and over request for "PPL-166, Women and
7.0
Men in the United States: 2002,"
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, March 2002. along with a check or money order
for $20.60 payable to "Commerce-
Census-8800-9010," to U.S.
2001, the Annual Demographic including the overall design of sur-
Department of Commerce -- U.S.
Supplement includes some data col- veys, the wording of questions,
Census Bureau, P Box 277943,
.O.
lected in February and April.) The review of the work of interviewers
Atlanta, GA 30384-7943 or call our
institutionalized population, which and coders, and statistical review of
Statistical Information Office at
is excluded from the population reports to minimize these errors.
301-763-2422. A copy of these
universe, is composed primarily of
The Current Population Survey tabulations will be made available
the population in correctional insti-
weighting procedure uses ratio esti- to any existing Current Population
tutions and nursing homes (91 per-
mation whereby sample estimates Report P20 subscribers without
cent of the 4.1 million institutional-
are adjusted to independent esti- charge, provided that the request is
ized population in Census 2000).
mates of the national population by made within 3 months of the issue
ACCURACY OF THE age, race, sex, and Hispanic origin. date of this report.
ESTIMATES This weighting partially corrects for
bias due to undercoverage, but CONTACTS
Statistics from surveys are subject biases may still be present when
to sampling and nonsampling error. Statistical Information Staff:
people who are missed by the sur-
All comparisons presented in this pop@census.gov
vey differ from those interviewed in
report have taken sampling error 301-763-2422
ways other than age, race, sex, and
into account and are significant at Hispanic origin. How this weight- Special Populations Branch
the 90-percent confidence level. ing procedure affects other vari- Renee E. Spraggins
This means the 90-percent confi- ables in the survey is not precisely Renee.E.Spraggins@census.gov
dence interval for the difference known. All of these considerations 301-763-2378
between the estimates being com- affect comparisons across different
pared does not include zero. surveys or data sources. USER COMMENTS
Nonsampling errors in surveys may
For further information on statisti- The Census Bureau welcomes the
be attributed to a variety of
cal standards and the computation comments and advice of users of
sources, such as how the survey
and use of standard errors, go to its data and reports. If you have
was designed, how respondents
www.bls.census.gov/cps/ad/ any suggestions or comments,
interpret questions, how able and
2002/S&A_02.pdf or contact please write to:
willing respondents are to provide
correct answers, and how accurate- Aneesah Stephenson of the Census Chief, Population Division
ly the answers are coded and classi- Bureau Demographic Statistical U.S. Bureau of the Census
fied. The Census Bureau employs Methods Division on the Internet at Washington, DC 20233-8800
quality control procedures through- dsmd.source.and.accuracy@
out the production process census.gov. or send e-mail to: pop@census.gov
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